Where Cellular Repair Begins
Structure and Composition
GHK-Cu consists of the three–amino-acid sequence Gly–His–Lys bound to one copper(II) ion in a 1:1 ratio. The peptide coordinates the metal via its histidine and terminal amino groups. It is synthesized by Fmoc solid-phase peptide synthesis, purified by preparative HPLC to >95 % purity, and then complexed with copper salts under controlled conditions. Final identity and purity are confirmed by mass spectrometry and UV–Vis spectroscopy.
Benefits and Use
The peptide complex is used primarily in skin-rejuvenation and wound-healing research. In human cosmetic trials, topical GHK-Cu formulations improved skin firmness, elasticity, and reduced wrinkle depth after 6–8 weeks of daily application. Small clinical studies of chronic wounds reported faster closure rates and reduced scar formation compared with standard care. Its regenerative properties are also being explored in hair-growth and joint-repair contexts.
How Does It work?
GHK-Cu binds to cell-surface receptors and enters target cells, where it modulates gene expression involved in extracellular matrix synthesis. It upregulates collagen and elastin production while downregulating matrix metalloproteinases (enzymes that degrade connective tissue). The complex also exerts antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects by scavenging free radicals and reducing cytokine release. These combined actions support accelerated tissue repair and improved skin integrity.